Developer: Person who is writing the code or programs to develop software. The aim of developer is defining the communication between the system and the end-user.
End-User/Client: person who want to use software for his specific need, while the software is already developed and ready to use in the system.
Program: set of instructions given to computer to complete a given task.
Instruction Vs Command: Command is asking to do something while instruction is the guideline in the process of explaining how to complete the given command.
Software: collection of programs working together for a specific purpose or common goal.
User Interface: The environment providing by the software from where the end-user can communicate with the system.
What is software project?
Software project is the contract accepted to computerize the transactions of client’s business. The person or firm that takes up the project of developing the software is known as Software Developer.
In short, any Software project can be initiated by General Purpose(developer’s thought) or User Specific (client requirement). Each software product has been built up to provide a solution for the user problem.
Eg: Automation of Banking System, Accounting System and Billing System etc.
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
System can only read, write or store information in the form of 1 or 0. No other language can be understandable by it. Hence, memory of Computer system can be measured in terms of Bytes.
According to ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) Standard the characters, numbers and symbols are 256. Since 28 = 256, we use 8 bits to store a single character.
0 or 1 = 1 bit (Binary Digit)
4 bits = 1 nibble
8 bits = 1 byte
1024 bytes = 1 Kilo byte
1024 KB = 1 Mega byte
1024 MB = 1 Giga byte
1024 GB = 1 Tera byte
Being an electronic device, Computer cannot understand any human language. In order to write programs to develop software we need a programming language. Basically, there are two types of programming languages:
Low level languages require less translation and executes fast. Low level languages are non-portable. They are hard to learn by human beings. Error detection and rectification is complex task.
Machine Language instructions execute fast since no translation required. Assembly language instructions require simple translation using Assembler. But a program written in assembly language is constrained to system on which they had been developed.
High level languages are user friendly. People can easily learn and write their programs using these languages. These are portable languages. The programs written high level languages require complete translation into machine code by means of Compiler or Interpreters.
Eg: Pascal, COBOL, FORTRAN, C, C++, Java etc
Language Translator is a program that is used to translate the program written in some programming language into machine code.
Developing of program in any Programming Language requires the following steps:
If any software is providing all the above facilities for the development of a program in a single environment it is known as IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
Eg: TurboC, Eclipse, Code Blocks, NetBeans etc
Problem is unwanted or uncomfortable situation that should be avoided. Solution for the problem guides how to come out from the situation.
Computer is an electronic machine which can’t find out any solution for the problem on its own. But it can solve the problem with lightening speed when guided properly.
Solving problems through computer requires a series of steps to be followed:
Algorithm is a plan written in plain language which shows the steps to solve the problem. Pseudo code looks similar to program written in any programming language.
Previous programming knowledge is not necessary to understand an algorithm but is required for Pseudo code.
Algorithm to add two given numbers:
Start
Accept 2 numbers
Do addition
Display Result
Stop
Pseudo code:
Start
Read a, b;
Sum:= a+b
Write Sum;
Stop
Flow Chart is a pictorial representation that shows how the flow of control is moving within a program. It enhances the understanding of program and useful to rectify errors.
Practice:
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